Various techniques can be applied in order to extract the raw material wood. In this extraction – also known as logging – we distinguish between:

• Natural Regeneration:

The first step is to loosen up the crown level by extracting several old trees strategically. This enables the younger trees to grow, sheltered by the older ones. Once the young trees have become self-sufficient, the remaining old ones are harvested. This process can take up to as much as ten years from the first to the last cut.
The advantages of natural regeneration include lower costs (no need to buy the plants, no planting work), and an often ideal adaptation of the young trees to their environment. It can be expected that the new generation of trees will grow well if the old ones did so too. At the same time, this method generates the highest harvest costs.

• Forest Thinning:

Thinning becomes necessary when the crowns and roots of trees begin to obstruct each other.
Malformed and/or obstructed trees are extracted in order to promote the proper growth of the stand.

Regular thinning helps in controlling the competition between trees. Priority is given to strong and healthy trees by removing their strongest competitors, giving the best tree ideal space and light conditions. This technique also increases the competitiveness of the trees which often yield better timber quality.
It is carried out in numerous cycles using the existing transportation routes or cable lines.

• Clear Cutting:

The entire stand is cut down in order to replant the surface or to use it for other purposes (road construction, houses, farmland etc.).
This is the most economical variety of logging.